Choosing the right wad is crucial for successful shotshell reloading. A poorly chosen wad can lead to inconsistent patterns, inconsistent velocities, and even damage to your shotgun. This guide focuses specifically on 1 ounce, 20 gauge wads, exploring the key considerations for reloaders.
Understanding Wad Functionality
Before diving into specific wad recommendations, let's briefly cover what a wad does. The wad acts as a crucial component in the shotshell cartridge, serving several vital functions:
- Keeps the shot separate from the powder: Prevents premature ignition.
- Creates a gas seal: Ensures efficient combustion and consistent pressure.
- Forms the shot cup: Provides a uniform pattern dispersion.
- Cushions the shot: Reduces shot deformation during acceleration.
Understanding these functions helps you appreciate the importance of selecting the right wad for your specific reloading needs.
Key Factors to Consider When Choosing 1 Ounce, 20 Gauge Wads
Selecting the perfect 1 ounce, 20 gauge wad involves several key considerations:
1. Wad Type:
There are several types of wads available, each with its own characteristics:
- Felt Wads: Traditional felt wads are known for their good cushioning properties and are suitable for softer shooting loads. However, they may not provide the same gas seal as other types.
- Plastic Wads: Plastic wads offer superior gas sealing and are generally preferred for higher-velocity loads. They come in a variety of designs, including one-piece and multi-piece configurations. Many reloaders favor plastic wads for their consistency and durability.
- Over-Powder Wads: These wads sit directly on top of the powder charge and help to create a good seal.
2. Wad Height and OAL (Overall Length):
The wad height and the overall length of your cartridge are critical for proper crimping. An incorrectly sized wad can result in inconsistent crimps and potentially unsafe pressure issues. Always consult your reloading manual for the recommended wad height and overall length for your specific recipe and powder.
3. Shot Capacity:
1-ounce loads in 20 gauge typically require a wad designed for that specific shot weight. Using a wad designed for a different shot weight can lead to inconsistent patterns or damage to your shotgun.
4. Manufacturer and Brand Reputation:
Reputable manufacturers offer wads that meet stringent quality control standards. Sticking to known and trusted brands ensures consistency and predictability in your reloading process.
Finding the Right 1 Ounce, 20 Gauge Wad for You
Choosing the right wad often involves experimentation. Start by consulting reloading manuals from reputable manufacturers (like Alliant Powder or Hodgdon Powder Co.) for data specific to the components you are using, including the powder, primers, and hulls. These manuals provide detailed instructions and load data to ensure safe and consistent results.
Conclusion
Selecting the proper 1 ounce, 20 gauge wad is a critical step in the shotshell reloading process. Careful consideration of wad type, height, OAL, shot capacity, and manufacturer reputation will lead to more consistent, accurate, and safer reloading experiences. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult your reloading manual for specific load data before starting your reloading process. Happy reloading!
