2, 3, & 4 Turkey Loads: A Comprehensive Guide to 20-Gauge Turkey Hunting
Turkey hunting presents unique challenges, demanding careful consideration of your ammunition choices. While 12-gauge shotguns reign supreme, the 20-gauge is gaining popularity, offering a lighter recoil experience without sacrificing stopping power when properly loaded. This guide delves into the nuances of 2, 3, and 4 turkey loads in 20-gauge, helping you choose the best ammunition for a successful hunt.
Understanding Turkey Loads: Shot Size and Payload
Before diving into specific load sizes, it's crucial to grasp the basics. Turkey loads differ significantly from standard shotshells. They feature:
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Larger Shot Sizes: Unlike smaller shot sizes used for upland birds, turkey hunting often utilizes larger shot sizes like #4, #3, #2, and even larger. Larger shot delivers more devastating energy at longer ranges.
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Higher Payload: Turkey loads pack more pellets per shell than their upland counterparts. This increased payload ensures a denser pattern and a higher probability of hitting vital organs.
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Harder Shot: Some turkey loads employ harder shot, like copper-plated or tungsten-matrix shot, for improved penetration through feathers and bone.
20-Gauge Turkey Loads: A Detailed Look
The 20-gauge, while smaller than the 12-gauge, provides a manageable recoil, making it an attractive option for many hunters, especially those new to the sport or with physical limitations. Let's examine the popular load sizes:
#4 Turkey Load (20 Gauge):
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Pros: Offers a good balance of pattern density and range. The smaller pellet size results in a wider spread, increasing the effective range, albeit with potentially less individual pellet energy. Ideal for shots at closer ranges or when a wider spread is preferred.
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Cons: May lack the stopping power of larger shot sizes at longer ranges. Not recommended for shots beyond 40 yards.
#3 Turkey Load (20 Gauge):
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Pros: A popular choice offering a strong balance between penetration and pattern density. Provides reliable performance at moderate ranges (up to 40 yards). Good all-around option.
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Cons: May not offer the same penetration as #2 shot at longer ranges.
#2 Turkey Load (20 Gauge):
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Pros: Delivers maximum stopping power. Best for longer-range shots (within responsible limits). Excellent penetration through feathers and bone.
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Cons: Offers a tighter pattern, requiring more precise aiming. Recoil may be more noticeable than with smaller shot sizes. Over-penetration is a possible concern at closer ranges.
Choosing the Right Load for You
Selecting the optimal load depends on several factors:
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Shooting Skill: If you are a novice, a #4 load might be a better starting point. Experienced hunters might prefer the increased penetration of #2 or #3.
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Hunting Conditions: Open fields might favor a #2 for longer shots, whereas thicker woods might benefit from the wider spread of a #4.
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Shot Distance: Your typical shot distance significantly impacts load selection. Closer shots may allow for a smaller shot size, while longer shots demand larger shot sizes for reliable penetration.
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Shotgun: Your shotgun's choke tube will significantly affect the pattern of your shot. Consult your shotgun's manual for recommended choke tubes for turkey hunting.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice for a Successful Hunt
Selecting the right 20-gauge turkey load is crucial for ethical and successful hunting. Carefully consider the factors discussed above—shot size, payload, range, and your skill level—to optimize your chances of bagging a turkey. Remember always to practice with your chosen load to ensure you are comfortable with its recoil and pattern. Safe and responsible hunting practices are paramount.
